Learning, History, Culture – Page 93 – Lithuanian Jewish Community

New Israeli Ambassador Tells Lithuania to Look in Mirror

Photo by J. Stacevičius/LRT

by Mindaugas Jackevičius, LRT.lt

We’re not ordering you, we’re only asking you to take a mirror and take a look at yourself, to open the history books and check out what happened in the dark chapters. That’s what Israeli’s new ambassador to Lithuania Yosi Levy said in an exclusive interview with LRT.lt . He thinks most Lithuanians don’t know what happened to the Jews of Lithuania during the war, that it is a story which hasn’t been told appropriately.

At the same time, he says, Israel doesn’t blame today’s Lithuania, and emphasizes mature and good relations between the countries.

On the person of Jonas Noreika, Levy said: “He wasn’t a murderer, but he collaborated with the devil.”

Levy, who began his work in Lithuania over a month ago, is a well-known writer and has worked as ambassador in Belgrade and worked at the embassies in Bonn, Berlin and Warsaw. In the interview we spoke about the fate of Lithuania’s Jews, bilateral relations and an intriguing book which will open the eyes of Lithuanians to a different side of Israel and its ambassador.

2019-10-022019-10-07

Rosh Hashanah 5780 at the Choral Synagogue

Rosh Hashanah 5780 at the Choral Synagogue, Pylimo street no. 39, Vilnius:

Sunday, September 29

6:00 P.M. Minkha/Maariv, prayers, Kiddush/pastry table

Monday, September 30

9:30 A.M. Shakharit (morning prayer)

12:00 noon Blowing of the shofar horn. Special souvenir for participants and new 5780 Jewish calendar

12:30 P.M. Musaf (prayer)

5:00 P.M. Tashlikh (prayer at the river, Bokšto street no. 19, Vilnius)

6:00 P.M. Rosh Hashanah celebration: blowing of shofarhorn, presentation of new Jewish calendar, treats, special Rosh Hashanah souvenir

7:51 P.M. Maariv prayer

Tuesday, October 1

9:30 A.M. Shakharit
12:00 noon Blowing of shofar
6:30 P.M. Blowing of shofar horn (at Bokšto street no. 19 with entrance from Kazimiero street no. 12)

2019-09-27

The Lithuanian Jewish Community Wishes You a Happy and Sweet New Year

Lithuanian Jewish Community chairwoman Faina Kukliansky, Israeli ambassador to Lithuania Yossi Levy, embassy aide Adi Cohen and writer Kristina Sabaliauskaitė wish you a good, happy and sweet new year. It’s customary to invite friends and relatives over for New Year’s both to have a party and to keep a mitzvah.

Rosh Hashanah is a happy holiday with pomegranate, round challa bread and apples essential elements. Pieces of apple are immersed in honey and eaten while wishing others a good and sweet new year.

2019-09-272019-09-27

Kaunas Jewish Community Holds Holocaust Commemoration at Ninth Fort

The Kaunas Jewish Community and the Ninth Fort Museum held a Holocaust commemoration on the morning of September 23. Kaunas students and cultural workers also participated in the civic initiative called “Way of Memory.”

Georgian musician Davit Kldiashvili performed and attendees viewed a Ninth Fort exhibit on the Holocaust.

After the event a group of Kaunas Jewish Community members attended the Holocaust commemoration held in Balbieriškis which also commemorated the vitality of Jewish life in the Lithuanian shtetlakh and Volfas Kaganas, Lithuanian military volunteer and twice recipient of the Order of the Cross of Vytis.

2019-09-27

Moisiejus Preisas, Survivor of Three Concentration Camps, Dies at 89

Moisiejus Preisas, survivor of Auschwitz, Dachau and Stutthof, passed away September 24 at the age of 89. He was born February 27, 1930 and was a member of Lithuania’s Union of Former Ghetto and Concentration Camp Inmates. We send our deepest condolences to his son Leonidas and his grandchildren.

Preisas is believed to be the only Lithuanian Jew to have survived three concentration camps. He was an eye-witness to the brutal murder of the Jewish children in the Kaunas ghetto. He also witnessed an officer at a concentration camp chop people in half with a shovel.

Photo: Preisas with his collection of photographs of the Holocaust and concentration camps.

Several years ago we translated and published an interview and article about Moisiejus Preisas on the Lithuanian Jewish Community website here.

2019-09-272019-10-04

Traditions of Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year

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The most iconic image of the Rosh Hashanah or Jewish New Year celebration is the blowing of the shofar horn. It is a ram’s horn and it is difficult to blow it correctly. The shofar reminds believers of the coming Day of Judgment. Jews gather at synagogue and read prayers for two days during the holiday.

An important Rosh Hashanah tradition is to take clothing to a body of water and shake the pockets out, symbolically ridding oneself of remaining sin. A special prayer is read for this. The ritual is called tashlikh (Hebrew “cast off”).

The main holiday treat on Rosh Hashanah is the pomegranate. This is replaced by apples and honey in Lithuania where the fruit doesn’t grow to maturity. The honey is intended to make the coming year sweet. In fact the salutation “sweet year” is a requisite part of the well-wishing involved in the holiday.

Often guests are served fish and it must have a head, because Rosh Hashanah literally translates as “head of the year.” A round loaf of challa bread is baked for the dinner table symbolizing the cyclicity of the year. On Rosh Hashanah G_d decides a person’s destiny for the coming year, in this case 5780. There is a Rosh Hashanah greeting, “khatima tova,” which is a wish for success you will be written into the Book of Life.

The tenth day of Rosh Hashanah is Yom Kippur, or the Day of Atonement. The Torah tells us not to do anything on that except reflect on our actions over the preceding year. It is the time when a final decision will be made regarding the destiny of the individual over the coming year. Jews wish one another “gmar khatima tova,” good luck with the final inscription.

The Vilnius Jewish Religious Community, the Lithuanian Jewish Community and the Goodwill Foundation greet you with “shana tova u’metuka,” or “sweet new year,” and hope to see you at synagogue!

Simas Levinas, chairman
Vilnius Jewish Religious Community

2019-09-272019-10-03

Time, Neglect, Disregard Responsible for Ruinous State of Jewish Cemetery in Kaunas, Not NATO Tanks from Germany

A website claiming to represent the Kaunas Jewish Community published Wednesday a wholly incorrect report that German tank forces under NATO had desecrated a Jewish cemetery in Kaunas, Lithuania’s second largest city, and that swastikas had been painted on gravestones there.

Kaunas Jewish Community chairman Žakas Gercas said the website was not affiliated with the Kaunas Jewish Community and that his community always publishes its news and announcements at www.lzb.lt

Lithuanian Jewish Community chairwoman Faina Kukliansky commented: “This
was a shock to me. After checking what was reported, I can say this is fake news and an informational attack. We have reported this to the Lithuanian institutions which deal with this and have asked that this be stopped. I call upon all people not to submit to this provocation and not to sign this so-called petition. It is a great shame that on the eve of the Jewish new year our Community is being exploited for these sorts of provocations. All the more since at this time the president and foreign minister of Lithuania are visiting the US.” Chairwoman Kukliansky refused to speculate who might be behind this fake news, but cautioned that “no one does these sorts of things for no reason at all.”

2019-09-262019-10-03

Attention Eleventh and Twelfth Graders: English Lessons

Attention all eleventh and twelfth graders: there will be additional English lessons for 11th and 12th graders beginning in October. The goal is to help students prepare for exams, both the state exam and IELTS, and to increase general English facility in areas such as grammar, speaking and reading.

The major gaps in knowledge are usually found in the field of grammar and we will spend most of the class time on English grammar, including theory, practice and activities. Children and young people will get to know English grammar structures and will have the chance to use them.

The maximum class size per group is limited to 12 students. There will be two lessons every week. The teacher is Viačeslav Mlynkovskij, an English teacher at the Sholem Aleichem ORT Gymnasium in Vilnius. Classes will be held at the Lithuanian Jewish Community located at Pylimo street no. 4 with easy access by foot and mass transit.

Schedule:

Monday, 6:30 P.M.
Wednesday, 6:30 P.M.

The cost is 48 euros per month (comprising 8 lessons). Individual lessons cost 7 euros apiece. To register call 8 652 05992 or write mlynkovskij@gmail.com

2019-09-262019-10-02

Rosh Hashanah on September 29

Israeli ambassador Yossi Levy, LJC chairwoman Faina Kukliansky and designer and architect Victoria Sideraitë-Alon hold up the new Jewish calendar for 5780.

The Lithuanian Jewish Community has published a new Jewish calendar for 5780 as we prepare for Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year. This year’s calendar features Lithuanian synagogues past and present.

The year 5780/2020 contains some anniversaries of global significance to Jews, including the 300th birthday of the Vilna Gaon and the 580th anniversary of the building of the Great Synagogue in Vilnius.

LJC chairwoman Faina Kukliansky calls for everyone to come together for a noble cause, to work together to protect the small surviving inheritance of Litvak culture for our grandchildren and the future.

2019-09-252019-09-27

Launch of Russian Translation of Book about Veisaitė

The Vilnius, Jerusalem of Lithuania Jewish Community invites you to the launch of the Russian translation of Aurimas Švedas’s book of interviews with Irena Veisaitė, “Gyvenimas turėtų būti skaidrus” [Life Should Be Transparent], at 3:00 P.M. on September 26 on third floor of the Lithuanian Jewish Community. Both Veisaitė and Švedas’ will be there and discuss the book with the audience, with Olga Ugriumova and Daumantas Todesas moderating. The event will take place in Russian.

2019-09-252019-09-27

Following the Bloodied Star of David to Panevėžys

Photos by P. Židonis

Jurijus Smirnovas is now in his 80s and all he remembers from his childhood is in the cross-hairs of a rifle scope. Many times over during his childhood he could have lost his life by being shot, hanged, beaten to death or poisoned, because during World War II he was marked by the star of David, soaked with the blood of millions of people.

His story, however, had a happier ending.

“I’ve been in Panevėžys for 75 years now. The Germans brought me here before I was eight,” he says with a deep sigh. “It’s very hard for me to speak about this, I haven’t wanted to tell the story and I don’t want to now either, to relive everything, to go back to that terror, fear. At these moments I feel awful,” the Jewish man said.

2019-09-252019-09-27

Kaunas Jewish Community Honors Active Members

For years now the Kaunas Jewish Community has been giving thanks to our active members who take part in activities and help make them possible.

In earlier years this has mainly taken the form of a dinner party with live music, but this year we decided to take the volunteers on a tour in and around Kaunas.

Members learned about the town of Kačerginė, its history and cultural legacy, listening to the enthusiastic narrative of Lina Sinkevičienė while taking in the rural beauty of the place. Members were received warmly at the headquarters of the Kačerginė aldermanship. The beautiful landscape conceals a bloody history and Kaunas Jewish Community members paid their respects to the Holocaust victims in Šakiai, Lukšiai, Zapyškis and surrounding areas.

2019-09-252019-09-26

Remembering the Litvak Genocide: Let’s Remember Who Stands behind the Numbers

by Gediminas Kirkilas

September 23 is the Day of Remembrance of Lithuanian Jewish Genocide. On this day in 1943 the Vilnius Jewish ghetto was liquidated [sic, the ghetto was liquidated over several weeks–trans.]. Behind this fact hides the unusually complex and tragic history of the Jews of Lithuania (Litvaks), the unimaginably painful and tragic personal fates of Jews and their families. Of about 208,000 Jews resident in Lithuania, about 195,000-196,000 were murdered. Every year as we mark dates important to Litvaks, each time, let’s think hard about what hides behind these numbers.

We must continue to learn and teach and learn and teach more about the history of the Litvaks and the Holocaust, to increase our consciousness and sharpen our critical thinking, and to nip in the bud all kinds of right-wing extremism, so that there would be no place for xenophobia, racial and ethnic hatred and everyday domestic anti-Semitism in Lithuanian.

Full text in Lithuanian here.

2019-09-25

Panevėžys Jewish Community Tours Historic Jewish Sites in Liepāja

Early in the morning on September 14 we went to the Pakruojis synagogue, where we were met by a cultural worker who received us warmly and spoke about the wooden synagogue built by the local Jewish community in 1801. Its function changed and it became a primary school as well as a house of prayer. After the Holocaust the synagogue was nationalized. During the Soviet period it was a theater, then an athletics gymnasium. The unique building fell into disrepair and ruin. In 2017 the synagogue was restored with its authentic interior, according to period photographs, which show playful drawings on the ceiling. Currently the synagogue serves as a space for cultural and other events. The second floor–the women’s gallery–houses an exhibit on the Jewish past, along with examples of the original walls.

Pakruojis was just the first part of the tour and we travelled on to the land of wind, Liepāja [Libave] on the Latvian coast. It is also a land of amber, a port and a holiday destination. The rustling and smell of the lime trees [liepos in Lithuanian, a folk etymology–trans.] give the city its name. But we weren’t there just to look at the pretty town, we were there to visit the largest Holocaust memorial in Latvia. About 7,060 Jews including about 3,000 Jews from Liepāja were murdered in the dunes around the town of Šķēde on the Baltic Sea. In total about 19,000 people of different ethnic backgrounds were murdered here. The site recalls one of the worst breakdowns in humanity in the preceding century. The memorial occupies a territory of 4,120 m² and is arranged in a menorah shape with contours formed of natural rocks and granite slabs, with the “lights” of the menorah represented by granite steles resembling gravestones with inscriptions in Hebrew, English, Latvian and Russia from the prophet Jeremiah. Members of the Panevėžys delegation honored the dead and left a wreath there.

2019-09-252019-09-25

Let Us Pray: Never Again. A Homily on the Lithuanian Day of Jewish Genocide

by archbishop Gintaras Grušas, bernardinai.lt

A shared legacy and joint work intimately united the Jews and Christians living in Lithuania over many long centuries. Then as now the Ten Commandments have united Christians and Jews, demanding we worship one God and to honor the individual human and his life, to protect the family and not to bow to unfairness.

Exactly one year ago Pope Francis preparing to visit a monument to Holocaust victims called for in the Prayer to the Angel of the Lord to work together, to celebrate our friendship and to confess together in the face of the challenges of the world: “Let us ask the Lord to provide us the gift of insight so that we may in time recognize those pernicious knots and atmosphere from which the heart of unexperienced generations atrophies, so that they would not give in to the allure of the songs of the sirens.”

On September 23 we mark the destruction of the Vilnius ghetto and of thousands of Jews who lived with our compatriots in Lithuania. Some members of the Church, due to human weakness, fear or even for the sake of personal gain, came to terms with the occupational regimes and even served their slave masters. A significant number of Christians, however, guided by Christian love, saved the persecuted Jews. Today we mark their graves with the signs and symbols of Righteous Gentiles. We believe that the prevailing climate of friendship and dialogue today will help the Christian and Jewish communities to better understand one another and to work more closely together in areas important to both communities such as the defense of human rights and human life, family values, social justice and the fortification of peace in the world, so that God’s love would be seen and seen more explicitly by humanity. This is a common foundation and a common way forward.

Full text in Lithuanian here.

2019-09-242019-09-25

Andrius Navickas: Hate Is Always the Cowardly Choice

On September 23 we mark the Day of Remembrance of Lithuanian Jewish Victims of Genocide, honoring the victims of the liquidation of the Vilnius ghetto in 1943. This was a blood-curdling day when the last surviving Jewish residents of Vilnius were either murdered or sent to concentration camps [sic, the liquidation took place over several weeks–trans.].

From that day onward there were officially no Jews left in Vilnius, only those who hid with families who dared preserve humanity, and also those remained who joined the Soviet partisans in the forests. The Jerusalem of the North had been strangled and we were all left the poorer.

Christians know the resurrection is impossible without the crucifixion. To raise the history of the Holocaust on the cross of our memory, first we have to confess in our hearts that it wasn’t THEIR agony and tragedy but OUR agony and tragedy. This is not the story of an oppressed people who demand vengeance.

Full text in Lithuanian here.

2019-09-242019-09-24

Ponar 2019 by Sergejus Kanovičius

Memory cannot survive from one commemoration to another. Members of the Commission of Historical Memory are laid here and in pits in another hundred small Lithuanian towns and villages. To them it’s completely clear: no one defended them then. However strange it might seem, they have to be defended today, too. At that point in time one group chose to save people, while the other chose the path of Satan. They told my people in 1941 they would be safe in the ghetto. They lied. Today, eight decades later, as then, again they are telling us persistently that the ghettos were good, and those who helped set them up were heroes, or almost saints. Is there anyone today who will speak up and say clearly and without ambivalence that this is immoral? Who, where, when did they say this?

“History can never be left to the politicians, whether they be democratic or autocratic. History is not the property of a certain political doctrine or regime. History, when it is understood truly, is the symbol of our daily moral choices.” And I would add to these words of the late professor Leonidas Donskis: our attitude towards this tragedy, towards its victims, the rescuers, the desk murderers, its direct perpetrators and their unlimited worship–these reflect the state of our ability to remember. And today there are clear signs there is an attempt to make our memory and our moral choices sick. There is only one way to heal our memory: to tell the truth finally. If we want THEM to not just rest in peace, but in honor and dignity.

I wrote this poem 30 years ago:

2019-09-232019-09-26

Lithuania’s Jewish Victims of Genocide Remembered in Ponar

Lithuania’s Day of Remembrance of Jewish Victims of Genocide was marked at Ponar September 23 in a March of the Living event. Although some of the traditional March of the Living Litvaks resident in Israel attended, they were far outnumbered by Lithuanians and especially by Lithuanian high school students.

As usual, people gathered on the west side of the railroad tracks in the town of Paneriai or Ponar just outside Vilnius to march the kilometer or so into the Ponar Memorial Complex for the ceremony at the central monument there. This year, however, hundreds of students arrived by train and walked in on the pedestrian overpass over the railroad. Also new this year was the Lithuanian honor guard who led the procession.

Poles, Russians, Lithuanians and Soviet POWs were also murdered at Ponar, albeit in significantly lower numbers than Jews. This year a Polish delegation and Catholic priest awaited the procession at the Polish monument at the entrance to the memorial complex.

2019-09-232019-09-25