History of the Jews in Lithuania

Statement by Gercas Žakas, Chairman of the Kaunas Jewish Community

Statement by Gercas Žakas, Chairman of the Kaunas Jewish Community

I, Gercas Žakas, have been the chairman of the Kaunas Jewish Community for almost three decades now. I know, not from second-hand sources, what irreparable damage anti-Semitism causes, because I grew up in the family of a former ghetto and concentration camp prisoner. My parents survived the Holocaust but lost their families and almost all of their relatives.

Sadly, we hear many anti-Semitic statements being made in Lithuania at this time, and I have never heard in my lifetime the avalanche of cynicism and lies being poured out by Remigijus Žemaitaitis. Among other things, he has told multiple media outlets he has met with the chairman of the Kaunas Jewish Community.

I say with full responsibility that I have never met with this figure who was recognized as an anti-Semite by the Constitutional Court. This claim alone is in opposition to my values and does harm to my reputation in the eyes of the Jewish communities and society. I therefore demand Remigijus Žemaitaitis retract his words to the effect has met with the chairman of the Kaunas Jewish Community. Otherwise I reserve the right to defend my honor and dignity through legal remedy.

Gercas Žakas, chairman
Kaunas Jewish Community

Photo: Erikas Ovčarenko/15min.lt

Animated Shorts about Jewish Life

Animated Shorts about Jewish Life

The EJC using financial aid from the European Union is creating a series of short animated films to teach young people about the diversity of Jewish life, culture and traditions and to educate the public about the danger of anti-Semitism, andon  other topics.

EJC executive vice-president Raya Kalenova said it’s important to reach people whose main source of information is not traditional news media.

The ten-part series is called Glad You Asked. Themes explored include Jewish identity, the Sabbath, Jewish holidays, anti-Semitism, the Holocaust and Jewish history.

The first part discusses the diversity of the Jewish people, cultures and traditions in Europe and the world. Each episode is 90 seconds long.

Part 1:

Condolences

Markas Petuchauskas passed away Sunday. He was born in 1931. He was a prisoner in the Vilnius ghetto. After the Holocaust he went on to study the theater and to produce works for the stage. He achieved academic heights and was the author of many articles and books on the theater in Lithuanian and English. He was a founding member and a chairman of the Jewish cultural club which became the Lithuanian Jewish Community as Lithuania regained national independence.

His loss is the loss of all of us and of the nation.

Our deepest condolences to his wife Sofija and his entire family and many friends.

Four Thousand Protest Anti-Semitic MP outside Lithuanian Parliament

Four Thousand Protest Anti-Semitic MP outside Lithuanian Parliament

An estimated 4,000 people gathered on the evening of November 14 during the Lithuanian capital’s first snowfall to protest against Remigijus Žemaitaitis, who was inaugurated as MP inside the parliament earlier that evening.

Conservative Party and Liberal Union MPs left the chamber when Žemaitaitis took an oath to uphold the Lithuanian constitution.

Žemaitaitis catapulted to infamy in the early spring of 2023 by making anti-Israel and anti-Semitic statements on his facebook page. His party’s parliamentary faction and then the party as a whole expelled him. Lithuania’s Constitutional Court found he had violated oath of office by calling for the murder of Jews.

He used the notoriety to form his own political party called Nemuno Aušra, or Dawn of the Nieman River, which placed third in recent elections to parliament, placing close to the Conservative Party in second place.

Initially pledging not to include Nemuno Aušra in any future coalition, the Social Democratic Party who took first place in elections reneged on that promise. Lithuanian president Gitanas Nausėda said he wouldn’t approve any Nemuno Aušra MPs as ministers in a coalition government. Žemaitaitis said he would fill three ministerial posts promised him by the social democrats with non-party members.

A sister protest was held in Kaunas across the street from the municipality’s Christmas tree display currently being set up. An estimated 500 people attended that protest. There was also a small protest in Tauragė.

More information available here.

Faina Kukliansky on Remigijus Žemaitaitis: I Have to Tell What I’ve Seen and Heard

Faina Kukliansky on Remigijus Žemaitaitis: I Have to Tell What I’ve Seen and Heard

by Ingrida Steniulienė, November 13, ELTA

Lithuanian Jewish Community chairwoman Faina Kukliansky said statements by Nemuno Aušra party leader Remigijus Žemaitaitis are insulting and offensive to her as a person.

“He called for killing Jews, that’s how it seemed to me,” Kukliansky said Wednesday during questioning at a hearing of the Vilnius District Court.

She was testifying in a case against Žemaitaitis for sowing hatred against Jews and for supporting, denying or belittling international crimes.

“He is inciting [hatred] against certain groups of people without knowing history. I can’t understand this in any other way,” she told the court. Kukliansky is an attorney by profession.

Prosecutor Asks Court to Remove Žemaitaitis’s Parliamentary Immunity

Prosecutor Asks Court to Remove Žemaitaitis’s Parliamentary Immunity

Photo: Josvydas Elinskas/ELTA

by Ingrida Steniulienė, November 13, 2024, ELTA

Prosecutor Justas Laucius has asked a Lithuanian court to empower prosecutor general Nida Grunskienė to make a request to the Lithuanian parliament for removing parliamentary legal immunity for Remigijus Žemaitaitis, the leader of the party Nemuno Aušra who faces trial for sowing ethnic discord with anti-Semitic statements he made on social media and to the press.

The prosecutor asked the Vilnius District Court Wednesday to take into account Žemaitaitis is to give his oath of office as a member of parliament Thursday and will gain legal immunity granted to all MPs in Lithuania.

Lithuanian Jewish Community chairwoman Faina Kukliansky attended the hearing and gave testimony. She spoke with reporters after the hearing and noted Jews do not now feel safe in Lithuania. She refuted claims Žemaitaitis made earlier about his own statements, including his posting without preamble of an anti-Semitic Lithuanian song calling on children to beat Jews to death with sticks which he later claimed was a citation of Lithuanian folklore.

An Old Song but a New Singer

An Old Song but a New Singer

by Liova Kaplan

Being a musician, a pianist and a piano teacher, I also like singing and songs. Different songs–happy and sad, French and German, Yiddish and Russian, classic and folk songs, etc.

But one children’s song, a Lithuanian folk song which unfortunately I have heard many times growing up in Lithuania makes me very angry and sad. Many generations of Lithuanians have been raised hearing and often singing this folk song.

A Jew is climbing a ladder
Suddenly he is falling
Children! Take a wooden stick
And kill the Jew!

Happy Birthday, Emanuelchik

Happy Birthday, Emanuelchik

A belated happy birthday to Emanuelis Zingeris who marked another year back on October 27. Lithuania’s only Jewish member of parliament, Emanuelis is also a qualified philologist, a signatory to the Restoration of Independence Act back in 1990 and a founder of the Jewish cultural club which became the Lithuanian Jewish Community, as well as serving as chairman in the early years of the latter. We wish you all the very best. Mazl tov. Bis 120!

Happy Birthday to Roza Tulchina

Happy Birthday to Roza Tulchina

A very happy milestone birthday to Kaunas Jewish Community member Roza Tulchina! Community members and chairman Gercas Žakas celebrated her birthday with flowers, gifts and well-wishes including greetings from Lithuanian Jewish Community chairwoman Faina Kukliansky. Mazl tov. Bis 120!

AJC’s Andrew Baker Sends Open Letter to Presumptive Lithuanian PM

AJC’s Andrew Baker Sends Open Letter to Presumptive Lithuanian PM

Rabbi Andrew Baker, director of the International Jewish Affairs Department of the AJC and representative of the OSCE for fighting anti-Semitism, has sent a letter to Lithuanian Social Democrat MP Gintautas Paluckas, favored to serve as Lithuania’s next prime minster, warning of irreparable harm which would ensue from forming a governing coalition with Remigius Žemaitaitis and his party Nemuno Aušta. The letter was also sent to Lithuanian president Gitanas Nausėda.

Letter:

Dear Mr. Gintautas Paluckas,

The American Jewish Committee and I personally have been strong supporters of a democratic and independent Lithuania since the formation of the Sajudas independence party and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. We were among the first and strongest advocates in Washington for a NATO enlargement that would welcome Lithuania into the defense alliance at the very time when many others cautioned against crossing Russia’s “red lines.” For all these years since we have been stalwart promoters of a strong and close bilateral relationship between the United States and Lithuania.

Lithuanian Jewish Community on the Participation of Nemuno Aušra Party under Remigijus Žemaitaitis in Next Government

Lithuanian Jewish Community on the Participation of Nemuno Aušra Party under Remigijus Žemaitaitis in Next Government

The Lithuanian Jewish Community, uniting 32 domestic and international organizations, urges president of the Republic of Lithuania, Gitanas Nausėda, to defend the principles embedded in the Lithuanian constitution and to prevent the anti-Semitic forces represented by the political party Nemuno Aušra from becoming part of the new ruling coalition and government.

Nemuno Aušra was founded and is led by Remigijus Žemaitaitis, who was deemed by the Constitutional Court to have breached his parliamentary oath and grossly violated the constitution through anti-Semitic statements and incitement of ethnic hatred. Due to a loophole in the law, he evaded accountability and continues to cynically deny the decision of the highest judicial authority, defaming the judges who made this ruling, and thereby undermining Lithuania’s status as a state under the rule of law on the international stage.

Is Yiddish Experiencing a Renaissance?

Is Yiddish Experiencing a Renaissance?

by Daiva Gabrilavičiūtė, LRT.lt, October 26, 2024

“The Yiddish language has become a symbol of Jewish cultural resistance and survival. In spite of waves of historical oppression, the Holocaust and assimilation, Yiddish reflects the resolution, resilience and continuity of the Jewish people,” Sholem Aleichem ORT Gymnasium principal Ruth Reches told Lithuanian state radio and teleivision.

Yiddish appeared about a millennium ago in what is now Germany. Large Jewish communities settled in Eastern Europe. Over time Yiddish became more than the everyday language of communication and was used in Jewish intellectual and cultural life. Books and newspapers were published, songs were written and plays performed in Yiddish.

Before World War II more than 10 million people spoke Yiddish. Most were murdered during the Holocaust. The handful who survived faced Soviet oppression. Others found safe haven on the other side of the Atlantic.

Full article in Lithuanian here.

Last Nazi Hunter’s New Battle: Efraim Zuroff on Life after Simon Wiesenthal Center

Last Nazi Hunter’s New Battle: Efraim Zuroff on Life after Simon Wiesenthal Center

by Alex Winston, Jpost, October 25, 2024

Veteran Nazi hunter Efraim Zuroff talks about his long career and new ongoing battle: fighting Holocaust distortion.

In early September an innocuous facebook message was posted, stating: “After 38 years as director of the Israel office of the Simon Wiesenthal Center, and 13 years during which I was responsible for Eastern European Affairs as well, I will be leaving the center at the end of this month (September 2024). Looking for new opportunities to continue to combat Holocaust distortion, and antisemitism.”

If the post was intended to serve as a chance to alert potential employers to new employment opportunities, Efraim Zuroff may have been underselling himself slightly.

Zuroff, often referred to as “the last Nazi hunter,” has spent over four decades tracking down war criminals and holding them accountable for their roles in the Holocaust. But as Zuroff reaches the twilight of his career, his focus has shifted toward a more insidious problem–Holocaust distortion.

In his own words, “Holocaust distortion is a new form of antisemitism.” Zuroff’s mission to expose this growing issue, particularly in Eastern Europe, reflects the larger fight against historical manipulation and the dangers it poses for future generations.

Full article here.

Second Round of Voting: Blinkevičiūtė Next Lithuanian PM

Second Round of Voting: Blinkevičiūtė Next Lithuanian PM

by Geoff Vasil

Following the ballot Sunday in the second round of voting for the Lithuanian parliament and thus a new Government it now looks almost certain former social democrat labor minister Vilija Blinkevičiūtė will replace conservative PM Ingrida Šimonytė. The pro-gay Freedom Party failed to win a single seat, the marginal and somewhat extremist National Unification party is also unrepresented and the current ruling coalition with the Conservative Party as the prime mover will now give way to a parliamentary coalition of the Social Democratic Party, the Union of Peasants and Greens and the party which splintered off from the latter, the Democratic Union “For Lithuania” under former PM Saulius Skvernelis.

The Conservative Party took second place in terms of number of seats but was in a tight race with the Nemuno Aušra party MP Remigijus Žemaitaitis formed in response to being castigated for numerous anti-Semitic and anti-Israel posts and statements he made over a year ago. The Conservative Party will like now form the official opposition with party leader Gabrielius Landsbergis stepping down from the party and resigning his seat in parliament the same day. The Liberal Union currently in coalition government is not announcing whether they seek to join the social Democrats in a new coalition but the sounds coming from liberal speaker of parliament Viktorija Čmilytė-Nielsen indicate they will not join such a coalition.

Blinkevičiūtė, Skvernelis and Peasants/Greens leader Ramūnas Karbiauskis received an audience at the President’s Office Monday. As the head of state the president must approve any new ruling coalition and new cabinet of ministers.

Political commentators and members of the main winning parties in this election have said Remigijus Žemaitaitis and his Nemuno Aušra party will likely be a thorn in the side of parliament, a source of endless scandal, that it’s unlikely to consolidate into a serious political force and that they would be an unreliable partner for coalition, never mind the openly anti-Semitic and xenophobic statements emanating from Žemaitaitis. That party also has a problem with candidates and now MPs who have lied about their criminal records on election forms. Žemaitaitis said he would not join the Conservatives in official parliamentary opposition and would likely support the Social Democratic Party on a vote-by-vote basis in the legislature.

The information presented here does not reflect any position but that of the author and all mistakes are his.

Update: Vilija Blinkevičiūtė declined the post of prime minister citing age. Social democrat Gintautas Paluckas is now favored to become the next PM.

Remigijus Žemaitaitis Is a Cynical Demagogue and Liar

Remigijus Žemaitaitis Is a Cynical Demagogue and Liar

by Gercas Žakas, chairman, Kaunas Jewish Community, writing in the newspaper Kauno diena

After Remigijus Žemaitaitis’s party Nemuno aušra [Dawn of the Nieman River] received significant support from voters at the polls in the first round of voting, the Kaunas Jewish Community has been watching to see what the final outcome of elections to parliament will be. We have observed even before the second round of voting how the rhetoric of the political parties has changed regarding Žemaitaitis.

It would be hard to find a more cynical character. A demagogue and a liar. Divisive and slinging mud. His speeches contain many lies and accusations against his opponents and ethnic minorities of imaginary crimes. Now he’s trying to squirm out of the situation, again lyving that he hasn’t said anything bad about Lithuanian Jews. If some party nonetheless does enter into a coalition government with him, it would demonstrate that there are no principles nor values when it comes to the struggle for power. That nothing is sacred.

Read Žemaitaitis’s social media posts. In May of last year he posted on facebook: “For how much longer will our politicians go down on bended knee to the Jews who murdered our people, contributed to the hunting down and torture of Lithuanians and the extermination of our country;” “There was a Jewish Holocaust, but there was a bigger Holocaust of Lithuanians in Lithuania. The murder and torture of Lithuanians, the rape of women and the separation of children from their parents was a pleasant attraction and a joyous moment” and “The Lithuanian nation must never forget the Jews and Russians who contributed so greatly to the destruction of our people.”

Vilnius Jerusalem of Lithuania Jewish Community Takes Al Jazeera to Task

Vilnius Jerusalem of Lithuania Jewish Community Takes Al Jazeera to Task

The Vilnius Jerusalem of Lithuania Jewish Community posting on https://www.vilniauszydai.lt has taken strong exception to an Al Jazeera television report on a pro-Hamas protest held in Vilnius presumably months ago which included editorial content linking the Palestinian cause to the Lithuanian struggle for independence from the Soviet Union. The Community said it was disgusting and shameful to hold street marches in support of terrorism.

The pro-Hamas website palestina.lt for some reason provided a translation from Arabic (Al Jazeera mainly broadcasts in English) of the report and editorial (translated back into English here):

“There are demonstrations taking place in Lithuania to express solidarity with Palestine. From the beginning of the war in Gaza activists have held many events in public spaces in the capital Vilnius [sic, two at most]. Participants demand an end to the genocide of Palestinians. The demonstrations are being organized by palestina.lt to bring public attention to events in Palestine, to counter the pro-Israeli narrative dominant in the country’s media, to condemn the close relationship Lithuanian politicians have with Tel Aviv and to emphasize there was also oppression, deportations and colonization in the history of Lithuania dating from the Russian Empire’s period of rule (1795) through the Nazi occupation right up until the restoration of independence.”

The Jerusalem of Lithuania Jewish Community countered:

Ninth Fort Authoritarian Regime Reading Contest

Ninth Fort Authoritarian Regime Reading Contest

The Ninth Fort Museum in Kaunas hosted their 6th reading of texts by students called “Silent Wall, Touched by Words” last week.

Kaunas Jewish Community chairman Gercas Žakas addressed the students, judges and audience, saying: “In my name and that of Lithuanian Jewish Community chairwoman Faina Kukliansky I thank Ninth Fort Museum director Marius Pečiulis and the entire staff for holding this important event, and I thank the students and the teachers who have prepared them, for their time spent, sincerity and sensitivity.”

The students read texts about the Holocaust, the Nazi era and the Soviet era in Lithuania. The Ninth Fort Museum includes a tunnel system were Jews were imprisoned before being shot inside the Ninth Fort. Exhibits include cells with extant graffiti by murdered Jews. In the Soviet era the Ninth Fort was a de facto Holocaust memorial, if not in name, with a monumental abstract Soviet statue which remains the center piece of the museum grounds. After Lithuanian independence they became a museum showcasing Soviet atrocities as well as Nazi crimes.

Palanga Jewish Community Invites You to Herring Lecture at Jonas Šliūpas Museum

Palanga Jewish Community Invites You to Herring Lecture at Jonas Šliūpas Museum

Herring fishing and consumption stretches back millennia and became an integral part of Jewish cuisine centuries ago. The Jonas Šliūpas Museum is hosting a lecture by Jewish cuisine specialist Dovilė Rūkaitė on the Jewish culinary history of herring at 5:00 P.M. on Wednesday, October 23, in Palanga.

The museum recently opened an exhibit called “From the North Sea to the Christmas Table” about herring which included an interesting archaeological find: part of a cover and barrel for a 19th-century herring selection and conservation system.

Rūkaitė plans to speak on the significance of Jewish merchants and populations in popularizing the fish in Europe and will also discuss some of the classic recipes which use herring.

Time: 5:00 P.M., October 23
Place: Jonas Šliūpas Museum, Vytauto street no. 23A, Palanga
Duration: About 1 hour

The lecture is free and open to the public.

Jewish Scouting Season Opens

Jewish Scouting Season Opens

Weekly meetings of Jewish scouts are taking place again starting at 3:00 P.M. this Sunday at the Lithuanian Jewish Community in Vilnius. The gathering should last around one hour. Jewish scouting teaches scouts Jewish culture, civic-mindedness, responsibility, independence and a number of other skills and values, and includes a lot of fun and games as well. This group is intended for scouts and potential scouts aged 6 to 18. FOr more information contact Michail Kofman by telephone at 860645o94 or send an email to skautai@lzb.lt.

Yom Kippur

Yom Kippur

Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement and remission from sin, the most important holiday on the Jewish calendar, will be observed Saturday. No matter how religious or not, no Jew risks travelling, bathing or eating during Yom Kippur. The holiday must be observed correctly, so the Lithuanian Jewish Community and the Bnei Maskilim progressive Judaism community invite you to observe the holy day together with us and Rabbi Hanoch Fields from the United States.

Program of events at the LJC in Vilnius:

October 11

6:30 P.M. Kol nidrei

October 12

10:00 A.M. Torah reading
5:00 P.M. Yizkor
5:15 P.M. Neila
6:30 P.M. Blowing of the shofar
7:00 P.M. End of fast, shared feast

Registration required. To register, contact viljamas@lzb.lt